Autumn Budget 2025: Westminster leak, Welsh impact
A Budget delivered in chaos
Rachel Reeves rose to deliver her Autumn Budget in the Commons — but the drama had already begun. The Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) had accidentally published its forecasts online 40 minutes before she spoke, leaving MPs scrolling through graphs on their phones as the Chancellor tried to set out her plans. Treasury minister Torsten Bell, the newly‑elected MP for Swansea West, was seen passing his mobile to Reeves as she scribbled notes onto her speech.
BBC economics editor Faisal Islam called the leak “wild,” describing it as “history of the wrong sort” and noting that all the market‑critical fiscal numbers were out in the open before Reeves even stood up.
The deputy speaker, Nusrat Ghani, had already admonished ministers for the sheer volume of leaks and pre‑announcements surrounding the Budget, suggesting the government may have breached the ministerial code even before the OBR error.
Conservative leader Kemi Badenoch seized on the chaos, branding the whole episode a “circus” and accusing Reeves of becoming “the first chancellor to release the whole Budget ahead of time.”
The OBR has promised to explain how the mistake happened at a press conference later in the afternoon, where officials are expected to face tough questions about why their report was published before the Budget was even public.
Tax thresholds frozen until 2031
After the drama over leaks, Reeves confirmed one of the most contentious measures: income tax and National Insurance thresholds will remain frozen until 2031. “I know that maintaining these thresholds is a decision that will affect working people,” she told MPs. The OBR estimates 780,000 more people will be pulled into paying income tax by 2029–30. Badenoch accused her of breaking promises, saying Reeves had “sworn last year it was a one‑off.”
Families see benefit cap scrapped
In contrast, Reeves announced the scrapping of the two‑child benefit cap from April 2026, saying every child “deserves an equal chance.” Welsh Labour highlighted that 69,000 children in Wales will benefit, with First Minister Eluned Morgan welcoming the change as a step to tackle child poverty.
Pensions and savings face new limits
Turning to pensions, Reeves said she would cap salary sacrifice contributions at £2,000 from 2029, describing it as a “pragmatic step.” PensionBee warned the change “punishes hard‑working savers” and risks discouraging employers from supporting workplace schemes.
Savings products were also reshaped. From 2027, under‑65s will only be able to put £12,000 into cash ISAs, with the rest reserved for investments. Over‑65s will retain the full £20,000 cash allowance. Industry experts criticised the move as “needless complexity” that could penalise groups who rely more heavily on cash savings.
Motoring and property charges
Drivers will face new costs too. Electric vehicles will be subject to a mileage‑based excise duty from 2028 — 3p per mile for battery cars and 1.5p for plug‑in hybrids. Disabled drivers using the Motability scheme will find luxury models removed, with Reeves saying the scheme must return “to its original purpose.”
Property owners at the top end of the market will also pay more. From 2028, homes worth over £2m will face an annual charge of £2,500, rising to £7,500 for those above £5m. Reeves said the measure would raise £400m by 2031 and affect fewer than 1% of properties.
Energy bills, gambling and devolved funding
Household energy bills will fall by around £150 from April as green levies are scrapped. Gambling taxes will rise sharply, with remote gaming duty increasing from 21% to 40% and online betting duty from 15% to 25%. Bingo duty will be abolished from 2026.
Wales will receive an additional £505m in Barnett consequentials and £425m in fiscal flexibilities, giving the Welsh Government almost £1bn in extra spending power. Ministers in Cardiff will decide how to allocate this funding across health, education and infrastructure.
What happens next
The immediate changes — higher minimum wages, pension uprating, and the end of the two‑child cap — will be felt from April 2026. ISA reforms and energy bill savings arrive in 2027, while the mansion tax and EV mileage duty begin in 2028. The salary sacrifice cap takes effect in 2029, and tax thresholds remain frozen until 2031.
For households in South West Wales, the Budget brings both near‑term changes to pay packets and benefits, and longer‑term reforms to pensions, savings and motoring costs. England‑only measures such as rail fare and prescription freezes will not apply, with the Welsh Government deciding how to spend its share of the additional funding.
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