Lmst

Non-Collisional Orogeny In Northeast Japan Driven By Nearby Same-Dip Double Subduction
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01704-5 <-- shared paper
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#geology #structuralgeology #japan #subduction #system #plate #geometry #mantle #tectonics #geodynamics #orogeny #Ryukyu #IzuBoninMarianas #kinematics #backarc #earthquake #fault #faulting #orogenesis #platetectonics

#xkcd: #Orogeny

https://xkcd.com/3070/

#Humour #Cartoon

Two people are out in a mountainous terrain. One says, "I hear these mountains are a billion years old." The other replies, "Well, sort of. An ancient collision created the mountain belt, but the actual rock layers have been continually uplifted and eroded away." The first one asks, "So it's an mountain range, but it's been fully renovated?" The other says, "Yessir, torn down to the roots, this is good solid plutonic bedrock, freshly uplifted. Great value. You in the market?" The first person is not sure, "I dunno, I was looking for new construction. You got any emerging volcanic seamounts?" The other says, "Nah, that market is a little too hot right now."

Atop The Oregon Cascades, [Research] Team Finds A Huge Buried Aquifer
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https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1069774 <-- shared technical article
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https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2415155122 <-- shared paper
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https://www.usgs.gov/centers/oregon-water-science-center/science/mckenzie-river-source-water-study <-- shared USGS technical article, 2011, ‘McKenzie River Source Water Study’
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https://youtu.be/6R8e5HwGMwU?si=sniW4bvvzzviTYie <-- shared media video overview
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#GIS #spatial #mapping #model #modeling #water #hydrology #Oregon #Cascades #CascadeMountains #PNW #PacificNorthwest #volcanic #rocks #aquifer #waterresources #watermanagement #climatechange #snowpack #drought #spatialanalysis #CriticalZone #geohazards #geology #engineeringgeology #landscapes #weathering #bedrock #holocene #groundwater #structuralgeology #orogeny #remotesensing #geophysics #sampling #drilling #porosity #permability #tomography #lava #spring #seep #breccia #discharge #streams #runoff #precipitation #climate #rainfall #recharge

photo - Scientists examine a large-volume spring in young volcanic rocks of the McKenzie River watershed on the west side of the Cascade topographic crest that was monitored as part of this study. Credit: Benjamin Nash

map, photo and charts - (A) Electrical resistivity tomography of Olallie North Spring, which emerges along a flow contact of _25 ka Scott Mountain lava flows. Lateral variations correspond to spring discharge points along the lava flow basal breccia such as depicted in (B) (photo: Benjamin Nash). (C) Mean of total yearly range in discharge _Q divided by mean annual flow Qavg versus average upstream age for springs and streams. The horizontal line defines “spring-” versus “runoff-” dominated. (D) SD of yearly average summer discharge (June–September), normalized by Qavg, with CZ state shift labeled.

$maps and chart - (A) Distribution of geothermal drill holes. Thin black circles’ radii scale with total logged length, and colors indicate the fraction of length for which dT=dz < 20_C/km (implying downward flux of meteoric water). Red circles are the fraction with inverted gradients (dT=dz < 0_C/km). The purple contour indicates bedrock ages <2 Ma, while stars mark Holocene age phreatomagmatic eruption vents. (B) Two example temperature-depth logs from deep wells in old and young bedrock. (C) Porosity (blue) and resistivity (orange) in the Santiam Pass drill hole SP 77-24. Dashed lines indicate low porosity at high measured resistivity. (D) Chemical weathering tracked by oxidation state of iron in the Santiam Pass drill hole. The green box indicates range of Quaternary High Cascades lavas (SI Appendix), indicating that much of the SP 77-24 hole has been oxidized.$

maps and cross section - Oregon Cascades study site. (A) Topography, rivers (from USGS blue lines), stream gauges, lakes, and faults. Olallie North Spring (ONS) and HJ Andrews Experimental Forest (HJA) are labeled. (B) Surface bedrock ages (18), geothermal drill holes, and Quaternary volcanic vents (19). Labeled vents exhibited Holocene phreatomagmatic activity: Sand Mountain volcanic field (SMF), Blue Lake Crater (BLC), Twin Craters (TC). Gray areas are mapped as “Sedimentary deposits and rocks” in ref. 18. (C) Cross-section of swath topography and surface bedrock ages (N-S average of _4 km from Santiam Pass, pink box in panel A), with subsurface structures based on published geologic maps (SI Appendix). The proposed Critical Zone (CZ) state shift and physiographic “Western” and “High” Cascade provinces are labeled. (D) Temperature gradient versus depth in drill holes from panel (C). Near-isothermal or inverted temperature gradients define the “rain curtain.”

Signs of the Caledonian #orogeny 400 mya in #Trøndelag #Norway #norskpix #mosstodon

A wall of folded and layered rock that most probably is old sea-bottom rises upwards. The top is covered by moss and fir trees.

These Revolutionary Maps Are Revealing Earth’s Geological Secrets
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https://www.zmescience.com/science/tectonic-model-beatiful-new/ <-- shared technical article
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.104069 <-- shared paper
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#GIS #spatial #mapping #tomography #geology #remotesensing #structuralgeology #plates #platetectonics #earth #global #model #modeling #opendata #opensource #spatialdata #vector #platemodel #mechanics #GPS #earthquakes #volcanoes #topography #orogeny #tectonics #spatiotemporal #spatialanalysis #Pangea #Gondwana #Gondwanaland #ReuniteGondwanaland #Laurasia #lithosphere #crust #mantle #core #geophysics #geochemistry #geochronology #dating #Mesoproterozoic

map - tectonic plates and geologic processes

map - Models of the Capricorn Plate and associated Mid-Indian deformation zone.

map - Magnetic anomaly map of southern Africa overlaying topographic relief. The WDMAM_V2 magnetic model has a pixel size of 1.5 minutes, which is approximately 2.8 km at the equator. The model is created from shiptrack, airborne and satellite datasets resulting in variable resolution that is evident in this image and affects the accuracy of province boundaries.

maps - map of the last orogenic event to affect a province. The colors are approximately related to the age of the orogenic event. The points show locations of observed and estimated metamorphic ages

Himalayas Formation May Have Destroyed At Least 30% Of Continental Crust In Collision Zone
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https://phys.org/news/2024-11-himalayas-formation-destroyed-continental-crust.html <-- shared technical article
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2024.119070 <-- shared paper
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#geology #structuralgeology #model #modeling #numericmodeling #geochemistry #mountainbuilding #orogeny #Himalayas #continentalcrust #platetectonics #continents #EuropeanAlps #ZagrosMountains #mantle #subsumed #deformation #erosion #thickening #extrusion #massbalance #calculations #delamination #topography #lithosphere

photo - view up a Himalayan valley to distance, snow-covered mountain peaks

cross sections - conceptual illustration of four possible mechanisms to recycle continental crust material into the mantle during continent-continent collisions

schematic cross-sections - Conceptual cross-sections and plan views showing the horizontal shortening of continental crust

maps and cross sections - Mountain ranges of the (A) Himalaya-Tibetan Plateau, (B) Alps and (C) Zagros, from Natural Earth's physical vectors.

Scientists Unveil Mysterious Origins Of Earth’s Largest Igneous Rocks
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https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-unveil-mysterious-origins-of-earths-largest-igneous-rocks/ <-- shared technical article
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https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adn3976 <-- shared paper
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#GIS #spatial #mapping #spatialanalysis #spatiotemporal #geology #structuralgeology #earth #global #igneous #vulcanism #massif #anorthosite #origin #formation #morphology #platetectonics #subduction #crust #mantle #Grenvilleorogen #orogeny #geochemistry #mineralogy #magma #oceaniccrust #model #modeling #petrogensis

schematic / cross-section - Proposed model for the formation of the Marcy and Morin massif-type anorthosites.

charts - Marcy and Morin Nd-Sr-O systematics compared to Magma Chamber Simulator model results.

charts - Boron isotope systematics of the Marcy and Morin anorthosites

photo and think-section images - Anorthosites and leucogabbros in outcrop and thin section.

Large igneous province (Geomorphology 🏞️)

A large igneous province is an extremely large accumulation of igneous rocks, including intrusive and extrusive, arising when magma travels through the crust towards the surface. The formation of LIPs is variously attributed to mantle plumes or to processes associated with divergent plate tectonics. The formation o...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_igneous_province

#LargeIgneousProvince #Orogeny #Petrology #Volcanology #FloodBasalts #IgneousRocks

Large igneous province (Petrology 💎)

A large igneous province is an extremely large accumulation of igneous rocks, including intrusive and extrusive, arising when magma travels through the crust towards the surface. The formation of LIPs is variously attributed to mantle plumes or to processes associated with divergent plate tectonics. The formation of som...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_igneous_province

#LargeIgneousProvince #Orogeny #Petrology #Volcanology #FloodBasalts #IgneousRocks

Magma And Mountain Building At The Columbia River Gorge
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https://www.earthscope.org/news/magma-and-mountain-building-at-the-columbia-river-gorge/ <-- shared technical article
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https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adj3357 <-- shared paper
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#GIS #spatial #mapping #remotesensing #GPS #geophysics #subductionzone #plateboundary #PNW #Oregon #columbiariver #geology #structuralgeology #model #modeling #vulcanism #volcanic #magma #fieldwork #igneous #platetectonics #uplift #compression #extension #geologicmapping #geologic #orogeny #mountains #mountainbuilding

photo - Palouse Falls, Scablands, Eastern Washington

charts and geologic cross sections - inference of the transcrustal magmatic structure

maps, geologic cross sections, graphics and charts - overview of the columbia river gorge

#DidYouKnow: #Orogeny, or mountain building, is the result of collision between two landmasses.

This may occur via collision of continental crust (continent-continent collision) or when oceanic and continental crust collide (ocean-continent collision).

https://knowledgezone.co.in/kbits/6561a99c7f68de3fc47d31d6

Reconnaissance Basement Geology and Tectonics of South Zealandia
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https://doi.org/10.1029/2018TC005116 <-- shared paper
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#GIS #spatial #mapping #geology #structuralgeology #geologicmapping #NewZealand #Zealandia #remotesensing #magnetic #reconnaissance #basement #tectonics #SouthZealandia #igneous #batholith #magneticanomaly #continent #seafloor #bathymetry #orogeny #gondwana ##gondwanaland #sampling #hikurangi #forearcbasin #forearc #boreholes #dredging #faulting #faults #gravity #seismic #seismology #renunitegondwanaland #geophysics

Geological map ~1:25 M scale showing offshore South Zealandia and the West Antarctic conjugate margin.

map / graphic - Topography of Zealandia, outlined in pink. The linear ridges running north-northeast (Colville to the west and Kermadec to the east, separated by the Havre Trough and Lau Basin) and southwest (the Resolution Ridge System) away from New Zealand are not considered part of Zealandia, nor are Australia (left), Vanuatu, or Fiji (top centre).

Seismic sections from locations in western South Zealandia.

West pointing Anticlines & Synclines at Garylllucas beach #coCork, wrinkles created by the Variscan Orogeny 360-300 million years ago.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variscan_orogeny?wprov=sfla1

#geology #coast #ireland #irish
#IrishMastodon #mastodaoine #irishMasto #cork
#discoverireland #variscan #orogeny

Just One Long Mountain Range
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https://vividmaps.com/central-pangean-mountains/ <-- shared article
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H/T Tasa Graphic Arts
When we think of mountain ranges, we don't usually think of them for what they really are, geological formations that can span the entire planet. However, that's exactly what this map depicts. It shows how the Appalachian mountains in the U.S. actually connect with the Scottish Highlands, the hills of Ireland, Scandinavian Mountains, the east side of Greenland and the Atlas Mountains. When all of these places were once joined together, these ranges formed the Central Pangean Mountains millions of years ago.
#GIS #spatial #mapping #GreaterAppalachia #Laurussia #Gondwana #Pangaea #geology #structuralgeology #mapping #topography #orogeny #geologichistory #mountainrange #mountains #global #tectonics #platetectonics #RenuniteGondwanaland

map - North Atlantic - showing applachian mountains 'extension' across to africa, europe and greenland

satellite view - remote sensing - false colour - Atlas Mountains, from Copernicus

photo - path across the Scottish Highlands

When (micro)continents collide

#Silurian or #Devonian #metasediments / pellitic #schists / sulfidic schists
North Pack Monadnock, south central New Hampshire USA

Intensely folded rocks

Merrimack / Central Maine Trough smashed as #Avalonia joined Laurasia to start assembling Pangea in the #Acadian #Orogeny, about 375 million years ago.

Knowing some #geology makes hiking more fun!

Normally proportioned geochemist forelimb for scale
My #photo
Fujifilm X-H1 16 mm f/1.4 @ f/4 ⅛ s ISO 200 (IBIS)

The image is a color digital photograph 2 wide by 3 high. A finger is pointing to hard, tightly folded metamorphic rocks, which ripple across the frame.

New Maps Of Global Geological Provinces And Tectonic Plate
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.104069 <-- shared paper
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#GIS #spatial #mapping #tectonicplate #tectonicprovince #orogenicsystem #orogeny #geodynamics #spatialanalysis #geology #structuralgeology #tectonics #platetectonics #global #earth #opendata #spatialdata #GPS #earthquakes #volcanoes #topography #elevation #model #modeling #crust #mantle #geoscience #lithosphere #faults #faulting #geochronology #deformationzones #GitHub

maps - graphical abstract for paper - New Maps Of Global Geological Provinces And Tectonic Plate

map - and updated plated model with the plate boundary types

aerial photo - fault zone, desert setting

maps - global model of geological provinces with similar tectonic and compositional histories

Orogeny / Orogenesi #generativeart #proceduralart #digitalart #abstractart #orogeny

Post-Subduction Tectonics Induced By Extension From A Lithospheric Drip
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01201-7 <-- shared paper
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#GIS #spatial #mapping #formation #mechanical #data #geology #structuralgeology #platetectonics #subduction #tectonics #lithosphere #model #modeling #Borneo #magmatism #topography #uplift #Malysia #spatialanalysis #remotesensing #seismology #seismic #geophysics #gravity #gravational #volcanic #vulcanism #arc #simulation #simulations #crust #mantle #continent #orogeny

Scientists May Have Solved The Mystery Of How The Andes Got So Big
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https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-may-have-solved-the-mystery-of-how-the-andes-got-so-big <-- shared article
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118009 <-- shared paper
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[although my postgrad was in geology and I am licensed in the field, it has been a number of years since I worked directly in a geologic discipline; that said, I very much like to try and keep up with ‘things geology’…]
#GIS #spatial #mapping #geology #southamerica #data #modeling #model #mathematics #mathematicalmodeling #structuralgeology #andes #chile #peru #platetectonics #tectonics #tectonic #movement #mountain #mountainbuilding #remotesensing #geologists #orogeny #vulcanism #pointers #APM #RPM

Quincy or #BlueHills #Porphyry #Granite
An alkaline, nonorogenic granite intruded into #Avalonia in the #Silurian / #Ordovician as it cruised from peri-#Gondwana to #Laurentia, before assembling #Pangea in the #Acadian #Orogeny (#Devonian). It’s coarse, with the #phenocrysts of amphiboles(?) (possibly riebeckite?)…I’m no petrologist. From@the Eaton’s Pond conservation area@at the #Braintree #Quincy border. My photos.
#geology #igneous #Massachusetts #Boston #NewEngland #Fujifilm #photo

#Orogeny

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