The energy required to reduce the size of particles is inversely proportional to the size raised to some power.

#energy #Pharmacy #comminution #milling #physics #Chemistry #industry #Pharmaceuticals

Mechanisms of Comminution
Mills are equipments designed to impart energy to the material and cause its size reduction. There
are three main methods of effecting size reduction.

#comminution #milling #Pharmaceuticals #industrial #chem #manufacturing #Chemistry

#Comminution, or size reduction, is the operation carried out for reducing the size of bigger particles into smaller ones of the desired size and shape with the help of external forces.
The article: https://pharmatech-rx.com/comminution/
#pharmacy #Pharmaceutical #milling #Chemistry #industrial

Fantastic #milling video by @attoparsec about making your own #waffle iron:

https://youtube.com/watch?v=SlCJ6hp1xZY

From WHEAT LIFE:

"Flour sacks began replacing barrels as flour containers in the later 1800s, when the sewing machine made it possible to sew a sturdy sack that could hold flour. Flour sacks dominated the industry until the 1940s when paper sacks, which were introduced 20 years earlier, became the main form of packaging."
https://wheatlife.org/when-flour-was-sacked/

A lot of these old seed and flour sacks back in the day were manufactured by a Minneapolis company whose logo was a cat out of the bag! Ope!

(You need go no further than the Minnesota State Fair to see a superb permanent collection of seed and flour sacks right there in the Ag-Hort building, not far from the crop art.)

#Minneapolis #flour #milling #wheat

The Roman watermills of Barbegal, dating back to the IV century CE and located in southern France

#Roman #Milling #grain #water

Would you like a CNC mill for your house/garage/hackspace? Well it's your lucky day!

https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/176837134828

Sold on behalf of @rlab.org.uk - please do share widely, including with other hackspaces within the UK. We'd really like to find it a good home.

Happy to answer any questions 👍

#hackspace #cnc #milling #makerspace

HT @Spr1g

"While no longer common, #WaterWheels have an ancient history for use in #blacksmithing, #milling flour, and more.

"In the late 1800’s, they started to see commercial use for generating electricity.

"Though they are not as popular for energy generating today, many people still build them for use in low-flow areas, or as a fish-safe alternative to dams."

[Read more -- includes links]

https://kolektiva.social/@Spr1g@mastodon.social/113923396581148554
#SolarPunkSunday #Steampunk #SolarPunk #GreenEnergy #Environment

Agricultural lime, also called aglime, agricultural #limestone, garden lime or liming, is a #soil additive made from pulverized limestone or #chalk. The primary active component is #calciumCarbonate. Additional chemicals vary depending on the #mineral source and may include #calciumOxide. Unlike the types of lime called quicklime (calcium oxide) and slaked lime (calcium hydroxide), powdered limestone does not require lime burning in a lime kiln; it only requires #milling.

Some good news! Though potential contamination from long-term storage needs to be addressed (what else is new).

#EPA to Relocate Toxic #UraniumMine Waste from #NavajoNation

By Neely Bardwell, January 08, 2025

"The Environmental Protection Agency will move #uranium mine waste from #ChurchrockNewMexico to the #RedRock regional landfill where it can be safely stored forever.

"The federal agency signed an action memo to transport radioactive waste at the Quivira Mining Co. Churchrock Mine to a disposal site at the Red Rock regional landfill about six miles east of the Village of Thoreau. The cleanup will begin in early 2025 and continue for 6-8 years.

"For the Red Water Pond Road Community Association (#RWPRCA), which has advocated for waste removal since 2006, the decision marks a significant shift in addressing #UraniumContamination on Navajo land.

"'Removing the mine waste from our community will protect our health and finally put us back on a positive track to #Hózhǫ (balance),' said Teracita Keyanna, RPWPRCA executive committee member. 'I think this decision empowers #grassroots organizations like ours and our allies to continue to advocate and educate to clean up hundreds of abandoned uranium mines that threaten our #Diné communities every day.'

"RWPRCA President Edith Hood said the community has dealt with the impact of uranium mining since the late 1960s. Commercial mining began at the site under #KerrMcGee Corporation, which later became the #QuiviraMiningCompany. The operation extracted an estimated 1.3 million tons of uranium ore before closing in 1986. The Navajo Nation currently has more than 520 documented #AbandonedMines, with no disposal facilities for uranium waste within 350 miles of #TribalLands.

"'Many of us suffer chronic health problems and a degraded homeland as a result,' Hood said. 'We advocate for a regional approach to addressing remediation of nearly 100 abandoned uranium mines in the Eastern Navajo Agency. We are committed to making sure the removal of mine waste from our community does not threaten the health and safety of our Diné neighbors.'

"Previous attempts to address the waste proved unsuccessful. In 2011 and 2013, the EPA and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission approved a plan to place 1 million cubic yards of waste from NECRM on top of the existing tailings pile located half a mile from RWPRC village. Effectively, neither of those wastes were removed from the communities.

"The #RedRockLandfill currently handles municipal waste from McKinley and Cibola counties and Navajo Nation communities as far away as Tuba City. The planned #UraniumDisposalCell will occupy a separate area of the 640-acre site adjacent to the shuttered #Escalante power plant.

"The Northwest New Mexico Regional Solid Waste Authority (#NNMRSWA), which owns the landfill, must show that its operations can protect #GroundWater, air and soil, while safeguarding public health for decades to come. The New Mexico Environment Department will oversee long-term monitoring of the site.

"Chris Shuey, who has documented mining and #milling impacts in the #Churchrock area for 40 years as an environmental health specialist at Southwest Research and Information Center in Albuquerque, said relocating uranium waste is essential for tribal communities.

"'Removing mine wastes from Navajo communities to engineered, regional disposal sites is a #PublicHealth imperative,' Shuey said, noting that more than half of all Navajo chapters have at least one source of unhealthy uranium exposure. 'The federal government must continue looking for suitable sites for long-term disposal of mine wastes to protect current and future Navajo populations.'

"'This decision will remove over 1 million cubic yards of waste that has haunted the #RedWaterPondRoad and #PipelineRoad communities for too long,' EPA Pacific Southwest Regional Administrator Martha Guzman said in a statement.

"'This solution is a compromise that will get #RadioactiveWaste in this area off of the Navajo Nation as soon as possible,' Navajo Nation President #BuuNygren said in the EPA statement. 'It’s not everything the three affected communities would wish for but it’s action in the right direction now rather than in the future. Most importantly, this will protect our people from harmful exposure.'"

Source:
https://nativenewsonline.net/environment/epa-to-relocate-toxic-mine-waste-from-navajo-nation
#NoNukes #NoWar #NoMiningWithoutConsent #NoUraniumMining #UraniumMills #NukingTheNavajo #Genocide #WaterIsLife #NativeAmericanNews #HaulNo

Downtown Winnipeg a hub for research, baking and milling at Cereals Canada
High above on the tenth floor of a downtown Winnipeg office space, baking bread is a normal routine.
#research #baking #milling #Winnipeg
https://winnipeg.ctvnews.ca/downtown-winnipeg-a-hub-for-research-baking-and-milling-at-cereals-canada-1.7158594

Today's Flickr photo with the most hits is a short video.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/damiavos/3629228119/

A youthful (!) Damian tries milling some wheat in a rotary quern. Orkney, 2009. If you watch carefully, you can see the level fall in the central well.

#RotaryQuern #millstone #grain #wheat #milling #flour #orkney

Crumb shots of my multi-seeded sourdough using a San Francisco levain, 9% scalded home milled rye grain, 5% scalded cracked Population grain, 6% scalded home milled pulses, 80% strong white flour, 65g mixed seeds plus dried flowers.#sourdough #bread #flour #milling #canadian #rye #pulses