Shirring, Smocking, What's the Difference?

What is the difference between embroidery and smocking?
Traditional English Smocking is hand embroidery stitched over pre-pleated fabric. The fabric is pleated either by hand or with a pleater by using parallel rows of stitches to form the pleats. Decorative embroidery is done over the top of the pleats to both hold the pleats and provide an attractive design.
Read more: https://k-embroidery.com/blog/what-is-smocking-uses-and-how-to-do-it/
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