If Australia had implemented a resource tax regime similar to Norway’s — particularly Norway’s sovereign wealth fund model built on high taxes and royalties from oil and gas — the country would likely be substantially wealthier and more economically resilient today. Here’s a breakdown of the key differences and what Australia might look like under such a model:
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What Norway Did Right
Norway’s approach to resource wealth is often cited as world-leading. Key features include:
1. High Resource Rent Tax: Norway imposes a 78% effective tax on oil company profits (including corporate tax and a special petroleum tax).
2. Sovereign Wealth Fund (The Government Pension Fund Global):
• Started in the 1990s.
• Now worth over US$1.6 trillion.
• Invests globally for long-term returns.
• Explicitly designed to benefit current and future generations.
3. Strict Regulation & Transparency: The system is managed transparently, with strong public oversight and limited corruption.
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