@NicoleCRust @debivort @MolemanPeter @knutson_brain @kordinglab @dsmith @tdverstynen Right, so contextual constraints as causes just goes one important step further. The emergent properties that are hard to predict also meaningfully constrain the relationships/interactions between the individual components. Neurons are constrained by their neighbors, which are constrained by other brain areas, which are constrained by the brain as a whole, which are constrained by other people's brains, etc. These are all top-down constraints that can cause the "lower" components to behave in ways that would not be possible otherwise and would lack meaning without relation to the whole. If you define cause as efficient cause only, that's OK, and these can be labeled constraints. But I view them as equally causal.
And I'd formally model this myself but I know my limits ;)
I encourage you to check out Juarrero's book, even first 30 pages or so makes the point clear. Or listen to her on #braininspired for a summary.
#neurobuzz