Trung Quốc và Tonga đã ký Thỏa thuận Đối tác Kinh tế Nâng cao, mở ra cơ hội mới trong thương mại và đầu tư. Sự hợp tác này nhấn mạnh cam kết kết nối và phát triển bền vững để giải quyết các thách thức toàn cầu. #TrungQuoc #Tonga #ĐầuTư #ThươngMại #BRI https://ift.tt/t0PiOFn

Dossier 137: une IGPN de rêve? Avec Dominik Moll

https://fed.brid.gy/r/https://www.auposte.fr/dossier-137-une-igpn-de-reve-avec-dominik-moll/

The #environmental burdens of #SpecialEconomicZones on the coastal and marine #environment: A remote sensing assessment in #Myanmar

Thiri Shwesin Aung, Indra Overland, Roman Vakulchuk, Yanhua Xie
November 2022

"Special economic zones (#SEZs) are unusual parts of the world economy in terms of law, institutions, and economic functions (Chaisse and Dimitropoulos 2021). SEZs are geographically delimited areas created to facilitate industrial activities through fiscal and regulatory incentives and infrastructure support (UNCTAD 2019). Such zones carve out jurisdiction as a subset of the overall state jurisdiction for the purposes of enacting different laws and regulations that are more trade and investment friendly (Zeng 2021). Since the year 2000, SEZs have mushroomed in developing countries to attract foreign direct investment (FDI), accelerate industrialization and create jobs (Aiyer 2017). There are 5400 SEZs in 147 economies around the world. Asia is home to three quarters of them (UNIDO 2015). They have been a core element of the economic development strategy of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and currently all ASEAN member states have SEZs (Aggarwal 2022).

"As part of an export-oriented development strategy, the zones commonly include industrial mega-areas that accommodate large-scale infrastructure, deep-sea ports, logistical infrastructure for oil and gas, hotels and tourism, and industrial complexes (Aggarwal 2022). They are primarily defined by a specific regulatory regime and a dedicated governance mechanism designed to relieve customs and tariffs and reduce the burden on businesses from permits, licenses, employment laws, and land access. In return, host governments expect investors to create positive spillover effects, such as facilitating innovation, boosting employment, raising exports, and diversifying the economy. The global experience of SEZs have been mixed, with some countries achieving successful economic outcomes, while others struggle to overcome market failures, institutional constraints, and social and environmental costs (Aggarwal 2022; Zeng 2021).

"The lax regulatory regimes of SEZs often raise concerns about environmental, social, and #HumanRights standards, as well as possible conflicts over #LandRights (Brussevich 2020). Several SEZs have failed to yield the expected economic benefits while having severe adverse impacts on the environment and local communities (Adunbi 2019; Aritenang and Chandramidi 2020; Chaisse and Ji 2020). On the other hand, while SEZs can be hotspots for environmental #mismanagement, they can also provide opportunities for implementing environmental policies specifically designed to regulate industries within the zones. Also, certain environmental advantages may ensue from the introduction of foreign financial resources and environmental technologies that are otherwise not readily available (Richardson 2004).

"However, according to the 'race to the bottom' literature, most SEZs have a net negative impact on the environment and local communities (Richardson 2004; UNIDO 2015; ZENG and DOUGLAS, 2012).

"Despite this contradiction, existing studies focusing on the direct and indirect impacts of SEZs have been rare (#WorldBank, 2017). Particularly, the magnitude and intensity of SEZ impacts on the environment remain understudied.
SEZs tend to be located in remote regions. As such, SEZ-related information and data are generally scarce, making it difficult to assess the environmental consequences of such zones. Many SEZs are also located in countries where there is limited scope for independent environmental assessment due to #authoritarian rule, #corruption, and/or #secrecy surrounding deals with foreign investors. Recent improvements in access to satellite data and computing platforms for machine learning have greatly improved the ability to comprehensively assess SEZs in any location in the world in near real time (Ali et al., 2020; Jensen et al., 2019). This article demonstrates how these technologies can be applied to provide evidence related to the environmental impacts of SEZs. The method is tried out on the Kyaukpyu SEZ in Myanmar. Myanmar is an authoritarian country and the #KyaukpyuSEZ is a flagship project of China's Belt and Road Initiative (#BRI) located in an inaccessible part of #Myanmar. This is precisely the type of case where independent access can be limited and a remote sensing approach can be useful.

"From 2010 onwards, Myanmar was navigating its economic transformation and a partial loosening of military rule. SEZ development was prioritized as a critical element of the country's industrialization (Oxfam 2017). The three most notable ongoing SEZ projects are the Kyaukpyu SEZ in the rural but strategically important Rakhine State, which is also the largest SEZ in Myanmar, the Thilawa SEZ on the outskirts of Myanmar's former capital Yangon, and the Dawei SEZ in the Tanintharyi Region. Tanintharyi is a long narrow southern territory of Myanmar bordering the Andaman Sea to the west and Thailand to the east.

"Although they are expected to encourage economic growth and reduce poverty, all three SEZ projects continue to face local opposition, particularly the Kyaukpyu and Dawei SEZs. The International Commission of Jurists (2017) has reported that SEZs in Myanmar are linked to human rights violations and environmental abuses (Donateo 2017). Although Myanmar's SEZ law adopted in 2014 reaffirms the applicability of environmental regulations to SEZ development, it does not clearly delineate responsibilities between developers and the state (DICA 2014). The law also does not conform with international human rights standards (MCRB 2018)."

Read more:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352938522001173

#RaceToTheBottom #HumanRightsViolations #Pollution #EnvironmentalDegradation #EconomicSacrificZones #ForcedRelocation #ForcedDisplacement #HumanRightsViolations #EnvironmentalDegradation #IndigenousPeoples #ForestPeoples #SaveTheForests #Exploitation #CorporateColonialism

Diễn đàn Hợp tác Đường sắt Trung Quốc-Châu Âu lần thứ hai đã diễn ra tại Tây An, với mục tiêu nâng cao hiệu quả vận chuyển và thúc đẩy phát triển bền vững trong Kế hoạch 5 năm lần thứ 15. Điều này tạo cơ hội mới cho doanh nhân, sinh viên và du khách. #ĐườngSắtExpress #KếHoạch5NămLầnThứ15 #BRI https://ift.tt/dyCRvc1

ICAO: 4CA9A9
Flt: RYR9783 #RYANAIR #PSA - #BRI
First seen: 2025-11-13 19:27:11 CET
Min Alt: 11561 m AGL
Min Dist: 19.82 km

https://globe.adsbexchange.com/?icao=4ca9a9&lat=52.990219&lon=6.063995&zoom=12&showTrace=2025-11-13
#adsb #aboveFRL #EHLW

Trung Quốc đại lục đang mở ra cánh cửa mới cho tiến bộ chung thông qua mô hình phát triển bền vững và công nghệ xanh. Cảng Thiên Tân – cảng không carbon đầu tiên thế giới – là minh chứng cho sự đổi mới. Hãy cùng khám phá! #TrungQuocDaiLuc #CongNgheXanh #TiếnBộChung #BRI https://ift.tt/Gyrx58h

ICAO: 4D2500
Flt: RYR9783 #RYANAIR #PSA - #BRI
First seen: 2025-11-08 18:21:19 CET
Min Alt: 11569 m AGL
Min Dist: 19.51 km

https://globe.adsbexchange.com/?icao=4d2500&lat=52.991995&lon=6.084072&zoom=12&showTrace=2025-11-08
#adsb #aboveFRL #EHLW

https://www.walknews.com/1107164/ Despite Rome’s scepticism, China says Belt and Road cooperation with Italy ‘fruitful’ #ASIA #ASXPAC #BRI #CN #DIP #EASIA #ECON #EMRG #ENER #ENFF #EU #EUROP #EZC #GEN #INDS #INTAG #IT #Italy #NEWS1 #POL #RENE #TOPNWS #TRAN #TRD #WEU #イタリア

Out now & #OpenAccess:

Does #China’s growing role and the #BRI challenge the EU’s approach to promoting development in in Eastern Europe?

A new article by ZOiS researchers Julia Langbein & Valentin Krüsmann with Tanja Börzel & Lunting Wu in @globalpolicy.bsky.social ➡️ http://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.70086

Mmmmh... habt ihr schonmal euren "Body Roundness Index" ermittelt? Das is jetzt so ein neumodischer Index, der besser funktionieren soll als der alte BMI. Bei mir sind offensichtlich beide kaputt, weil beide besagen, dass ich ein fauler, fetter Sack sei. Aber, aber... Das kann doch gar nicht stimmen! 😉

#BMI #BRI #Gesundheit #Health

ICAO: 4CADF8
Flt: RYR9783 #RYANAIR #PSA - #BRI
First seen: 2025-10-26 07:00:29 CET
Min Alt: 11569 m AGL
Min Dist: 25.65 km

https://globe.adsbexchange.com/?icao=4cadf8&lat=52.942603&lon=5.966125&zoom=12&showTrace=2025-10-26
#adsb #aboveFRL #EHLW

Trung Quốc đang chuẩn bị cho Kế hoạch Năm năm lần thứ 15 (2026-2030) với cam kết bảo vệ thương mại tự do và mở cửa kinh tế. Điều này hứa hẹn sẽ tạo cơ hội mới cho hợp tác quốc tế và thu hút đầu tư. Hãy cùng theo dõi! #TrungQuoc #BRI #FDI #KếHoạch15Năm #KinhTếMở #ThươngMạiTựDo [link bài viết] https://ift.tt/GkgcSMB

https://www.walknews.com/1091065/ Despite Rome’s scepticism, China says Belt and Road cooperation with Italy ‘fruitful’ #ASIA #ASXPAC #BRI #CN #DIP #EASIA #ECON #EMRG #ENER #ENFF #EU #EUROP #EZC #GEN #INDS #INTAG #IT #Italy #NEWS1 #POL #RENE #TOPNWS #TRAN #TRD #WEU #イタリア

JPN vs BRA in TM Comp (FS): BRA hold a slim edge in a tight, high-stakes clash; JPN seek upset. Kickoff 12:30 UTC+02:00.

Japan 31.5%
Draw 30.7%
Brasilien 37.8%

#Football #Soccer #transfermarktCompetition(FS) #JPN #BRI #JPNBRI

AI-beleaguered states seek help from China media group
#China #AI #Tech #Media #Journalism #BeltAndRoad #BRI #Information #Technology #GlobalSouth #SocialMedia #FakeNews #Meta #Facebook #PressFreedom #Collaboration
https://the-14.com/ai-beleaguered-states-seek-help-from-china-media-group/

「毛派在掌权后为了维持统治，逐渐放弃了革命目标，转而采纳了资本主义做法。这些做法恰恰与他们声称摧毁的旧压迫体系如出一辙…

…令人欣慰的是，无政府主义运动正在悄然兴起，并日益获得认可。

有效的抵抗必须结合有组织的倡议教育、动员工作以及应对自发性群众起义的准备。引导社会运动朝着正确方向发展至关重要，尤其要管理好应对政府垮台时产生的权力真空 ——资本主义势力常趁机填补以恢复旧秩序，旧精英们会试图重新夺回权力 ……
我们给全球同志们的建议是：不仅要为反抗做准备，更要为政权倒台后的破除等级制的新结构和社会重建做好准备。」

🧬日历更新《推翻政府仅仅是第一步》
https://iyouport.notion.site/28134ca2d46d8018ac41c03be75b843f

#尼泊尔 #起义 #无政府主义 #革命 #中国 #印度 #一带一路 #政治经济 #民族主义 #tips #Nepal #Uprising #Anarchism #Revolution #China #India #BRI #PoliticalEconomy #Nationalism

- Trump, Minerals, and the Military: The Strategic Revival of U.S.-Pakistan Relations

https://www.wgi.world/trump-minerals-and-the-military-the-strategic-revival-of-u-s-pakistan-relations/

#GeoEconomics #EconomicPartnerships #EconomicDiplomacy #MineralDiplomacy #RareEarthMaterials #CPEC #BRI #SouthAsia #DefenseCooperation #MultipolarWorld

Triển lãm Dunhuang Kết Nối Các Nền Văn Hóa trên Con Đường Tơ Lụa Cổ Đại thu hút hơn 1.200 đại diện từ 97 quốc gia, khẳng định vai trò của Dunhuang như biểu tượng giao thoa văn minh. Hãy cùng khám phá những nét đẹp văn hóa và di sản tại đây! #Dunhuang #BRI #GiaoLuuVanHoa #HangMacCao https://ift.tt/MUrG6Ft

Tân Cương đang nâng cấp tuyến đường sắt trên Con đường Tơ lụa cổ đại, nhờ động lực từ Sáng kiến Vành đai và Con đường (BRI). Sự thay đổi này thúc đẩy thương mại và mở ra nhiều cơ hội mới cho các doanh nhân trẻ. Hãy theo dõi để khám phá tiềm năng lớn của khu vực này! #BRI #TânCương #ConĐườngTơLụa #NângCấpĐườngSắt #TăngTrưởngThươngMại https://ift.tt/C0GIgl7

https://www.wacoca.com/news/2647008/ イタリア、中国との自動車協力に前向き─副首相兼運輸相＝新華社 | ロイター ##中華人民共和国 #Asia #ASXPAC #AUT #Auto... #BRI #China #CN #CYCS #DEST:NOJPTPM #DEST:NOJPWDM #DEST:NOJPZTM #dip #EASIA #eco #ECON #EMEA #EMRG #EU #EUROP #EZC #Gen #INDS #INFRA #INTAG #IT #JFOR #JLN #MCE #MTPIX #POL #SDS #TOPCMB #TOPNWS #TPT #TRAN #TRD #TRN #WEU