I’ve seen a few posts on Mastodon recently about purposes and systems. A couple of them have assumed as a fact that the purpose of a system is what it does (POSIWID). I don’t think that’s helpful. The Oxford Dictionary of English defines “purpose” as
the reason for which something is done or created for or for which something exists.
I don’t think we systems theorists have the authority to change common usage of the word “purpose”. I understand the reasoning. That we should counter the notion that the purpose of a system can be read from the intentions of those who design, operate, or promote it. But it would be better to say that systems generally do not have a purpose than to insist that “the reason for which it was created” is what it does. That’s just not usually true.
That said, I have an alternative suggestion. A system can have no purpose at all – it just does what it does and nobody has any reason for it. Or it can have multiple purposes, for multiple people. The purpose of my wall clock is to show me the time. It’s purpose for its maker, some time ago, was to make a profit selling it. The fact that it consumes power from a battery is part of what it does, but not of its purpose.
I propose another model: “Purpose” is a relationship between an interested party (like me and the clockmaker) and a system (the clock). It is one kind of interest.
Parties can have many interests in a system. Some of those interests are things that they want it to do: its purpose for them. Other interests may include what it does not do, such as not emitting CO2, which certainly can be a reason for its design.
Since the larger-scale human social systems have many interested parties, they can have many purposes, which may be cross-purposes. From the point of view of most residents of a country, the purpose of the democracy subsystem (legislature, voting processes, …) is to express their will and govern the country on their behalf. For others, it may be to act as a screen to conceal the real state of affairs—that they have more power than the residents—so that they can maintain their power with less risk of revolution.
For more details, see my Social Systems Metamodel.
https://ericlawton.org/2024/06/20/systems-and-purposes/
#socialSystems #systemsThinking