Due to a recent discussion with colleagues on whether and when to use #LinearMixedModels (#LMM), I wrote a blog post comparing LMM to other approaches using simulated data. I thought, it may also be useful for others working with hierarchical data structures in #neuroscience and beyond.

🌍 https://www.fabriziomusacchio.com/blog/2026-01-31-linear_mixed_models/

#Python #Statistics #DataScience #MixedModels #Statsmodels #ANOVA #ANCOVA #GLMM #regression

In another network, senior author Adam Claridge-Chang publicly added this insightful and pungent commentary:

"Here's a dirty secret about ANOVA: it tests a null hypothesis that nobody cares about. When you run a one-way ANOVA, you're testing whether "all group means are equal." But even if you reject this hypothesis, you learn nothing about which groups differ, in which direction, or by how much. So you embark on a second analytical step: multiple two-group comparisons. A modest six-group experiment suddenly requires testing 15 hypotheses. To manage this multiplicity, you apply corrections like Bonferroni, which undermine your statistical power. What you posed as a focused research question has sprawled into a complex web of subsidiary tests, forced by the ANOVA ritual."

"Our new preprint, "Getting over ANOVA: Estimation graphics for multi-group comparisons," makes the case for a better approach. Estimation statistics encourages you to compare each test group to a single control, focusing on the effect sizes that actually matter. A six-group experiment focuses attention on just five effect sizes with confidence intervals, showing magnitude and precision directly."

"The preprint introduces estimation methods for a range of multi-group designs: repeated-measures experiments, 2×2 factorial designs, binary outcome data, and mini-meta analysis for internal replicates. Each can replace data-analysis practices used in thousands of studies every year."

#ANOVA #statistics

"Getting over ANOVA: Estimation graphics for multi-group comparisons", Lu et al. 2026 (Claridge-Chang's lab)
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.01.26.701654v1

"Data analysis in experimental science mainly relies on null-hypothesis significance testing, despite its well-known limitations. A powerful alternative is estimation statistics, which focuses on effect-size quantification. However, current estimation tools struggle with the complex, multi-group comparisons common in biological research. Here we introduce DABEST 2.0, an estimation framework for complex experimental designs, including shared-control, repeated-measures, two-way factorial experiments, and meta-analysis of replicates."

Grateful to Adam Claridge-Chang for leading and pushing on this. There's institutional-wide need for change in the biological sciences when it comes to statistical handling of data. And quite the memorable acronym, #DABEST ...

#statistics #biology #ANOVA #DABEST

#statstab #462 Factorial Plots

Thoughts: Not the most modern of plots, but nice to have a guide on what to show based on your design.

#plots #dataviz #ANOVA #interaction

https://www.processma.com/resource/factorial_plots.php

#statstab #461 Interpreting Ordinal and Disordinal interactions

Thoughts: Interactions are not simple things. Their shape can determine many things (including sample size and effect size)

#design #ANOVA #interaction #effectsize #ordinal #crossover

https://www.jolley-mitchell.com/Appendix/WebAppOrdinalInteraction/WebAppOrdinalInteractions.htm

#statstab #460 {permuco} permutation tests in linear models with nuisances variables

Thoughts: Supports ANOVA, ANCOVA, t-tests and more.

#permutation #randomization #ANOVA #rstats #r #pvalues #ancova #ttest

https://jaromilfrossard.github.io/permuco/index.html

Stats Video 9 APA-Formatted Line Graph in Excel

https://videos.trom.tf/w/m2d3zRjyDRNJ6vE8VFNArX

#statstab #447 Why do we use a one-tailed test F-test in analysis of variance (ANOVA)?

Thoughts: Directional tests are not the same things as one-tailed tests! Confusing at first.

#onetailed #directional #Ftest #ANOVA #chisquared

https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/67543/why-do-we-use-a-one-tailed-test-f-test-in-analysis-of-variance-anova

#statstab #428 Knowing ANOVA

Thoughts: "Is ANOVA just a special case of regression? Maybe". We sometimes forget the benefits of specific cases of a linear model.

#ANOVA #FISHER #linearmodel #history #error #iid

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/knowing-anova-stephen-senn-6zuje

#statstab #415 Analysis of means: Examples using package ANOM

Thoughts: Ever wonder why we run Analyses of Variance and not Means? Well, now you can do both! Using this #R package.

#ANOM #ANOVA #lmer #means #ranking #design

https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ANOM/vignettes/ANOM.pdf

My #anova immersion heater died, what's a better alternative these days? Because it's impossible that these things still cost $300, it's waaaay best making the R&D back and then some.

#statstab #347 A Simple Method for Removing Bias From a Popular Measure of Standardized Effect Size: Adjusted Partial Eta Squared

Thoughts: Its epsilon^2, but easier to compute by hand.

#effectsize #ANOVA #eta2 #epislon2

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2515245919855053

#statstab #341 ANOVA and Post-Hoc Contrasts

Thoughts: A nice step-by-step tutorial on using different anova functions in R and emmeans for contrasts.

#anova #emmeans #r #guide #tutorial

https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/afex/vignettes/afex_anova_example.html

Dear @LabPlot guys, do you have a good and functioning implementation of a multi-way #ANOVA (i.e. two-way and further), which we might inspect? We seem to have issues in our own implementation and could need some inspiration on how to solve this.

A AGAL participou no passado sábado na palestra “A situaçom do galego: diagnose e perspetivas”, organizada por #ANOVA. Representou-nos a nossa tesoureira, Mar Lopes.

Ouvir, falar, dialogar, tender pontes e construirmos juntas. Esse é o caminho para revitalizarmos a nossa língua. 💙

#statistiques #ANOVA
👑 Question pour une champion'ne 👑

Qui peut m'expliquer simplement, sans formalisme mathématique (de préférence avec une métaphore simple) en quoi une ANOVA avec 3 échantillons c'est différent de 3 test-t indépendants ?

Pas de jargon matheux svp, je suis linguiste lol

Merci :blob_cat_snug:

#statstab #271 {bruceR} package

Thoughts: Useful functions for psychologists. I like how it treats t-tests, giving all the options from Lakens (2013) for Cohen's d, and comparison with other software.

#r #psychology #ttest #PCA #ANOVA #education

https://psychbruce.github.io/bruceR/reference/TTEST.html

#statstab #262 One-way Repeated Ordinal Regression with CLMM

Thoughts: You've heard that ANOVA isn't appropriate for ordinal data. Here's a nice tutorial on an alternative, with effect size reporting and plotting.

#ordinal #clmm #clm #ANOVA #r

https://rcompanion.org/handbook/G_08.html

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