#peasants

2022-02-20

De Bergrede (16): de Mammon

Het is zondag en u bevindt zich weer in de reeks over het Nieuwe Testament, meer in het bijzonder in het deel over de Bergrede. De samensteller daarvan wijdt, na zijn behandeling van het vasten, enkele opmerkingen aan rijkdom en bezit. Het is een beetje een rommelig stukje.

De Mammon

Hier is het begin:

Verzamel voor jezelf geen schatten op aarde: mot en roest vreten ze weg en dieven breken in om ze te stelen. Verzamel schatten in de hemel, daar vreten mot noch roest ze weg, daar breken geen dieven in om ze te stelen. Waar je schat is, daar zal ook je hart zijn. (Matteüs 6.19-21; vgl. Lukas 12.33-34; NBV21)

Het vervolg:

Niemand kan twee heren dienen: hij zal de eerste haten en de tweede liefhebben, of hij zal juist toegewijd zijn aan de ene en de andere verachten. Jullie kunnen niet God dienen én de Mammon. (Matteüs 6.24; vgl. Lukas 16.13)

Mammon is de verpersoonlijking van het kapitaal. Het verband tussen deze zinnen is dus duidelijk. Wat ik niet snap is het zinnetje er tussenin.

Het oog is de lamp van het lichaam. Dus als je oog helder is, zal heel je lichaam verlicht zijn. Maar als je oog troebel is, zal er in heel je lichaam duisternis zijn. Als het licht in jezelf verduisterd is, hoe groot is dan die duisternis! (Matteüs 6.22-23)

Rijkdom en armoede

We zullen die lamp verder laten wat ’ie is want de opmerkingen over de Mammon zijn interessant genoeg. Voor ons eenentwintigste-eeuwers is het vanzelfsprekend dat er zoiets is als economische groei. Wij zijn welvarender dan onze ouders, die weer rijker waren dan onze grootouders. In de Oudheid was men zich daar niet zo van bewust: de machthebbers sneden de koek en als de een rijker was, was de ander armer. Het inzicht dat de koek als geheel kon groeien, ontstond pas in de zeventiende eeuw.

Jezus en zijn volgelingen, peasants aan de onderkant van de samenleving, hadden een alleszins begrijpelijke afkeer van rijkdom. Niet omdat ze in armoede een deugd herkenden, maar omdat ze meenden dat de rijken per definitie anderen in armoede hielden. Ongeveer zoals de vrijheid van de meester mogelijk was door de onvrijheid van de slaaf. In dit opzicht zijn Jezus’ uitspraken tegen de rijken precies wat we zouden verwachten. Er zijn dan ook volop parallellen.

Henoch over geld

Neem de Gelijkenissen van Henoch, een tekst uit het begin van onze jaartelling. Op het Laatste Oordeel worden de heersers, koningen en landbezitters bestraft. Weliswaar pleiten ze, min of meer zoals de rijke man in Lukas’ gelijkenis over de arme Lazarus, voor respijt, maar de Mensenzoon gunt het ze niet. “Onze zielen waren vervuld van het onderdrukkende geld,” erkennen ze, “maar dat zal ons niet redden nu we in de Sheol worden geworpen.” (1 Henoch 63.10).

Een andere tekst, de Brief van Henoch uit de tweede eeuw v.Chr., adviseert de mensen gerechtigheid te beoefenen en haalt uit naar degenen die door middel van zonde – lees: woeker – het kapitaal verwerven om huizen te bouwen, want die zullen tot op de funderingen worden gesloopt. “Wee jullie, rijke mensen, die jullie vertrouwen in geld stellen” gaat de auteur verder, “jullie zullen je rijkdommen uitzweten.” En: “toen jullie rijk waren, waren jullie onderdrukkend en nu zijn jullie voorbestemd voor de dood”.

Andere parallellen

De Henochitische literatuur is niet de enige parallel. Het Damascusgeschrift (een van de Dode-Zee-Rollen) noemt rijkdom als een van de drie netten waarmee de duivel de mensen verstrikt. De twee andere zijn ontucht en de ontering van de tempel (4.17). Het zijn allemaal uitwerkingen van een oeroude, joodse gedachte, die we ook vinden in Spreuken 11.7: “Wanneer een goddeloze sterft, gaat al zijn hoop verloren, van zijn rijkdom hoeft hij niets te verwachten.”

Er zijn talloze andere parallellen. Voor een rijke was er, in het denken van de arme Joden, maar één hoop: alles verkopen en de opbrengst geven aan de armen. Dat is – Jezus erkent het in Matteüs 19.24 – voor rijke mensen niet eenvoudig. Het was nu eenmaal gemakkelijker voor een dromedaris om door het oog van een naald te gaan dan voor een rijke om een plaats te hebben in de wereld die zou komen.

[Een overzicht van de reeks over het Nieuwe Testament is hier.]

#armoede #Bergrede #Mammon #NieuweTestament #peasants #ressentiment #rijkdom

2025-06-15

"However, as the movement grew and threatened to engulf all of Germany, Luther — protected by powerful princes and surrounded by allies from the nobility and the urban middle class — chose to side with the conservative, property-owning elements. Distancing himself from the radical insurgents, especially Müntzer’s revolutionary faction, he began preaching moderation and obedience to secular authority. By the time the uprising escalated and the Peasants’ War broke out, Luther turned against the peasants and called for their violent suppression:

'They should be knocked to pieces, strangled and stabbed, secretly and openly, by everybody who can do it, just as one must kill a mad dog!!'

@RealJournalism

#ThomasMüntzer #Bauernkrieg #Peasants #Reformation #Luther
#MartinLuther

2025-06-07

Today in Labor History June 7, 1788: Residents of Grenoble, France, tossed roof tiles and junk down upon royal troops during the Day of the Tiles. This was one of the first events of the French Revolution. Tensions had been rising because of poor harvests, poverty and hunger. To make matters worse, the aristocracy and the church continued to collect royalties from the peasants and refused to do anything to help alleviate their misery. On the morning of June 7, men and women began marching through the streets of Grenoble, with sticks and rocks, axes and metal bars. They took over the cathedral and rang the bells, which drew in peasants from the countryside. When the navy attacked a 75-year-old man, the people began ripping up the streets. They climbed to the rooftops and began throwing tiles and other projectiles at the soldiers below. They forced the politicians to flee.

#workingclass #LaborHistory #france #Revolution #poverty #peasants #hunger

Day of the Tiles, painting By Alexandre Debelle, depicting street fighting between soldiers and workers - Musée de la Révolution française, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=64476412
2025-05-30

#OTD in 1381: The beginning of the Peasants' Revolt in England.

Wat Tyler and Jack straw led their band of rebels against King Richard II. It would ultimately end with the beheading of the Archbishop of Canterbury, Simon Sudbury and the death of most of the rebels.

#medieval #Revolt #England #peasants #kingrichard #archbishop #archbishopofcanterbury #canterbury #histodons

Black Sailor Moonblvcksailormoon
2025-04-21

The fact that called Chinese people “ “ (and I vehemently denounce his hateful words and meaning of that word/ usage), and made an ad blaming immigrants for his mom's drug problem knowing full well that she was exhibiting real pesasntry when she was stealing those pills from her job at the hospital.

Rod2ik 🇪🇺 🇨🇵 🇪🇸 🇺🇦 🇨🇦 🇩🇰 🇬🇱rod2ik.bsky.social@bsky.brid.gy
2025-04-10

After insulting the #UE , now the #US #Vance is insulting the #chinese , treated of " #peasants" youtube.com/watch?v=Cyde...

Vance caught in firestorm afte...

Rod2ik 🇪🇺 🇨🇵 🇪🇸 🇺🇦 🇨🇦 🇩🇰 🇬🇱rod2ik.bsky.social@bsky.brid.gy
2025-04-10

After insulting the #UE , now the #US #Vance is insulting the #chinese , treated of " #peasants" youtube.com/watch?v=OXMt...

Vance says U.S. borrows and bu...

Rod2ik 🇪🇺 🇨🇵 🇪🇸 🇺🇦 🇨🇦 🇩🇰 🇬🇱rod2ik
2025-04-10

After insulting the , now the is insulting the , treated of " "

youtube.com/watch?v=CydeVWXVQh

Rod2ik 🇪🇺 🇨🇵 🇪🇸 🇺🇦 🇨🇦 🇩🇰 🇬🇱rod2ik
2025-04-10

After insulting the , now the is insulting the , treated of " "

youtu.be/OXMtNENAV1o?si=v4FDDK

Carlos DuarteCarlosDuarte0011
2025-02-27

Very good this publication of @fao in 2024 on the data and reflections of this institution regarding the 28 articles that make up the Declaration of and other rural workers - of the @un. openknowledge.fao.org/server/a

2025-02-23

Today in Labor History February 23, 1882: B. Traven was born on this date in Poznan, Poland. Traven’s real name was probably Ret Marut. He was active in the Bavarian uprising and the Bavarian Soviet Republic of 1919. When the German state quashed the Republic and started arresting and executing activists, he fled to Mexico, where he began writing novels. Traven was a brilliant satirist and wrote novels sympathetic to workers and peasants, including the “Treasure of the Sierra Madre,” “The Death Ship,” “The White Rose,” as well as his Jungle Series of novel depicting the plight of Indigenous campesinos in Mexico.

#workingclass #LaborHistory #novel #author #writer #books #fiction #BTraven #uprising #soviet #rebellion #peasants #communism #prison #campesinos #mexico #poland #germany @bookstadon

Ret Marut mug shot taken in London (1923). He is wearing a miner’s cap and sporting a narrow moustache. Marut is the most popular candidate for Traven's true identity. By British Authorities (London, 1923) - https://www.giessener-allgemeine.de/bilder/2010/03/05/12122247/529450577-39239-Pee9.jpg, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=92358128
ViaCampesina@mastodon.socialViaCampesina
2025-02-21

🚜🧑‍🌾🌾🇺🇳 The Nations working group of experts on is launching a new call for inputs (until 21 March 2025) from organisations on global trends and challenges affecting peasants and other people working in rural area.
➡️ ohchr.org/en/calls-for-input/2

!

🚜🧑‍🌾🌾🇺🇳 #UNDROP The #United Nations working group of experts on #PeasantsRights is launching a new call for inputs (until 21 March 2025) from #peasants organisations on global trends and challenges affecting peasants and other people working in rural area.
➡️ https://www.ohchr.org/en/calls-for-input/2025/call-input-global-trends-challenges-affecting-peasants-and-other-people

#PeasantsRightsNOW!
ViaCampesinaEU@mastodon.socialViaCampesinaEU
2025-02-21

🚜🧑‍🌾🌾🇺🇳 The Nations working group of experts on is launching a new call for inputs (until 21 March 2025) from organisations on global trends and challenges affecting peasants and other people working in rural area.
➡️ ohchr.org/en/calls-for-input/2

!

🚜🧑‍🌾🌾🇺🇳 #UNDROP The #United Nations working group of experts on #PeasantsRights is launching a new call for inputs (until 21 March 2025) from #peasants organisations on global trends and challenges affecting peasants and other people working in rural area.
➡️ https://www.ohchr.org/en/calls-for-input/2025/call-input-global-trends-challenges-affecting-peasants-and-other-people

#PeasantsRightsNOW!
ViaCampesina@mastodon.socialViaCampesina
2025-02-21

🚜🧑‍🌾🌾🇺🇳 The Nations working group of experts on is launching a new call for inputs (until 21 March 2025) from organisations on global trends and challenges affecting peasants and other people working in rural area.
➡️ ohchr.org/en/calls-for-input/2

!

🚜🧑‍🌾🌾🇺🇳 #UNDROP The #United Nations working group of experts on #PeasantsRights is launching a new call for inputs (until 21 March 2025) from #peasants organisations on global trends and challenges affecting peasants and other people working in rural area.
➡️ https://www.ohchr.org/en/calls-for-input/2025/call-input-global-trends-challenges-affecting-peasants-and-other-people

#PeasantsRightsNOW!
ViaCampesinaEU@mastodon.socialViaCampesinaEU
2025-02-21

🚜🧑‍🌾🌾🇺🇳 The Nations working group of experts on is launching a new call for inputs (until 21 March 2025) from organisations on global trends and challenges affecting peasants and other people working in rural area.
➡️ ohchr.org/en/calls-for-input/2

!

🚜🧑‍🌾🌾🇺🇳 #UNDROP The #United Nations working group of experts on #PeasantsRights is launching a new call for inputs (until 21 March 2025) from #peasants organisations on global trends and challenges affecting peasants and other people working in rural area. ➡️ https://www.ohchr.org/en/calls-for-input/2025/call-input-global-trends-challenges-affecting-peasants-and-other-people  #PeasantsRightsNOW!
2025-02-09

"Peasants Dancing before an Inn" by Jan Steen
Style: Baroque
Accompanied by "Homo fugit velut umbra (Passacaglia della vita)" by Stefano Landi [youtu.be/g0k3OptSyrs]

["Si more cantando, si more Sonando...
morire bisogna.
Si muore danzando, bevando mangiando...
morire bisogna."]

#Art #mastodonart #mastoart #peasants #baroque #JanSteel #StefanoLandi #Dance #inn #MementoMori

The painting "Peasants Dancing before an Inn" by Jan Steen
Carlos DuarteDuarte_carlos
2025-01-23

La Asociación Agropecuaria campesina "30 de Marzo" *convoca a un Platón en Quito* el día jueves 23 de enero, en los exteriores de la Corte Constitucional ( ubicado en la José Tamayo y Lizardo García).

2025-01-22

Today in Labor History January 22, 1932: Salvadoran communists, peasants and indigenous people rose up in rebellion against the military dictatorship, creating the first soviets in the Western hemisphere. In response, the military went on a rampage, killing 30,000 people in the "La Matanza." The violence decimated what was left of the country’s indigenous population, as well as most of its socialists, communists, anarchists and labor organizers. One of the first to go before General Martinez’ firing squads was guerilla leader Farabundo Marti (for whom the FMLN guerrillas took their name). Martinez once said that America was great because it wiped out its Indians and so, too, must El Salvador. Eduardo Galeano talks about La Matanza in his “Memory of Fire” trilogy.

#workingclass #LaborHistory #elsalvador #communism #anarchism #dictatorship #union #peasants #indigenous #racism #massacre #soviet #FMLN #anarchism #EduardoGaleano #writer #author #books #fiction #historicalfiction @bookstadon

Cover of “Genesis,” the first book in Eduardo Galeano’s “Memory of Fire” trilogy. Image of colorful, stylized serpent, in a style similar to those seen in Mesoamerican ruins.
2025-01-21

Today in Labor History January 21, 1525: Conrad Grebel, Felix Manz and George Blaurock founded the Swiss Anabaptist movement by baptizing each other and breaking a thousand-year tradition of church-state union. The Anabaptists were considered Radical Reformers. They preached against hate, killing, violence, taking oaths, participating in use of force or any military actions and against participation in civil government. They also believed in separation of church and state. However, some Anabaptists went even further, like those in the Munster Commune, who called for the absolute equality of man in all matters, including the distribution of wealth. They called upon the poor of the region to join them in sharing all the wealth of the town. Many also believed in polygamy and free love. Not surprisingly, both the Roman Catholics and the nascent Lutherans persecuted them heavily. This history is wonderfully portrayed in the epic novel, “Q” by the Italian fiction collective, Luther Blissett.

#workingclass #LaborHistory #peasants #protestant #Reformation #LutherBlissett #anabaptist #equality #freelove #communal #polygamy #lutheran #books #novel #fiction #historicalfiction #author #writer #collective #freelove @bookstadon

Front cover of the novel “Q,” by Luther Blissett. Top half of cover shows a golden letter “Q” against a red background. Lower half shows a large horde of armed people.

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