#Antigenic and #virological characteristics of #SARS-CoV-2 #variants BA.3.2, #XFG, and #NB181, https://etidiohnew.blogspot.com/2025/06/antigenic-and-virological.html
#antigenic
Emergence of #Antigenic #Variants in #Bovine #H5N1 #Influenza Viruses, https://etidiohnew.blogspot.com/2025/05/emergence-of-antigenic-variants-in.html
#Genetic and #antigenic characteristics of #zoonotic #influenza A viruses and development of candidate #vaccine viruses for #pandemic preparedness {WHO, March 28 '25}, https://etidiohnew.blogspot.com/2025/03/genetic-and-antigenic-characteristics.html
[Correspondence] #Virological and #antigenic characteristics of #SARS-CoV-2 #variants #LF.7.2.1, #NP.1, and #LP.8.1 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(25)00015-5/fulltext?rss=yes
... several sublineages of #JN.1 are increasingly out-competing XEC and KP.3.1.1, exhibiting superior growth advantages; for example, LF.7.2.1, MC.10.1, NP.1, and, most importantly, LP.8.1 (figure A, B).
Virological and #antigenic characteristics of #SARS-CoV-2 #variants #LF721, #NP1, and #LP81, https://etidiohnew.blogspot.com/2024/12/virological-and-antigenic.html
The #antigenic #landscape of #N1 #neuraminidase in #human #influenza A virus strains isolated between 2009 and 2020, BioRxIV, https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.12.10.627724v1
The resulting neuraminidase inhibition pattern revealed two antigenic groups that circulated in this period. A machine learning method identified K432E and I321V as key determinants of N1 neuraminidase antigenicity.
Evolving #antibody #response to #SARS-CoV-2 #antigenic #shift from #XBB to #JN1
Source: Nature, AbstractThe continuous evolution of SARS-CoV-2, particularly the emergence of BA.2.86/JN.1 lineage replacing XBB, necessitates re-evaluation of vaccine compositions 1–3. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the humoral immune response to XBB and JN.1 human exposure. We demonstrate the antigenic distinctiveness of XBB and JN.1 lineages in SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals,…
#Human and #hamster #sera correlate well in identifying #antigenic #drift among #SARS-CoV-2 #variants, including #JN1
Source: Journal of Virology, ABSTRACTAntigenic assessments of SARS-CoV-2 variants inform decisions to update COVID-19 vaccines. Primary infection sera are often used for assessments, but such sera are rare due to population immunity from SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 vaccinations. Here, we show that neutralization titers and breadth of matched…
Triton X-100-treated virus-based ELLA demonstrates discordant #antigenic #evolution of #influenza B virus #hemagglutinin and #neuraminidase
Source: Journal of Viroloyg, ABSTRACTNeuraminidase (NA)-specific antibodies have been associated with protection against influenza and thus NA is considered a promising target for next-generation vaccines against influenza A (IAV) and B viruses (IBV). NA inhibition (NI) by antibodies is typically assessed using an enzyme-linked…
Structural and immunological characterization of the #H3 #influenza #hemagglutinin during #antigenic #drift, BioRxIV: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.09.13.612776v1
In this study, we explore the influence of #glycan #evolution on H3 hemagglutinin from 1968 to present day and its impacts on antigenicity and immunogenicity.
A broad-spectrum #vaccine #candidate against #H5 viruses bearing different sub-clade 2.3.4.4 #HA genes, npj Vaccines: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41541-024-00947-4
Our analyses identified H5-Re11_Q115L/R120S/A156T (H5-Re11 + 3) as a promising candidate for a broad-spectrum vaccine, positioned centrally in the #antigenic #map, and offering potential universal protection against all variants within the clade 2.3.4.4.
Rapid #neutralizing #assay for circulating #H5N1 #influenza virus in dairy #cows, BioRxIV: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.07.30.605731v1
Our results suggest that the circulating H5N1 virus in cows shares #antigenic characteristics with NIID-002, providing significant implications for the #development and preparation of #vaccines.
#Global #Antigenic #Landscape and #Vaccine Recommendation #Strategy for Low Pathogenic Avian #Influenza A(#H9N2) Viruses, https://www.journalofinfection.com/article/S0163-4453(24)00133-6/fulltext
We develop an antigenicity prediction method for H9N2 viruses. Systematically describe the global antigenic landscape for H9N2 viruses firstly. Identify the determining sites for the complex antigenic transitions in #China. Screen virus strains to improve vaccine strain recommendations.
Evaluating #epizootic and #zoonotic #threat of an #H7N9 low pathogenicity avian #influenza virus (LPAIV) #variant associated with enhanced #pathogenicity in #turkeys, BioRxIV, https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.04.16.589776v2
...H7N9 infection in turkeys can generate novel variants with increased risk through altered pathogenicity & potential HA #antigenic escape. These findings emphasise requirement for enhanced surveillance & understanding of A/Anhui/1/13-lineage viruses & their risk to different species.
#Genetic and #antigenic characteristics of clade 2.3.4.4b A(#H5N1) viruses identified in dairy #cattle in #USA, May 2024, WHO: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/genetic-and-antigenic-characteristics-of-clade-2.3.4.4b-a(h5n1)-viruses-identified-in-dairy-cattle-in-the-united-states-of-america
Selection & #development of #CVVs are 1rst steps towards timely vaccine production & do not imply a recommendation for initiating manufacture. National authorities may consider use of 1 or more of these CVVs for pilot lot vaccine production, clinical trials & other pandemic preparedness purposes based on their assessment...
#Genetic and #antigenic #characteristics of clade 2.3.4.4b A(#H5N1) viruses identified in dairy #cattle in #USA, #WHO: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/genetic-and-antigenic-characteristics-of-clade-2.3.4.4b-a(h5n1)-viruses-identified-in-dairy-cattle-in-the-united-states-of-america
Here we provide an interim #assessment of genetic & antigenic characteristics of clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) viruses isolated from dairy cattle and a dairy farm #worker in USA compared to clade 2.3.4.4b CVVs. Additional whole genome characterization of viruses from dairy cattle and the human case has been described elsewhere.
#Clade-defining #mutations in #human #H1N1 #hemagglutinin protein from 2021-2023 have opposing effects on in vitro #fitness and #antigenic drift http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2024.05.18.594815v1?rss=1
Surprisingly, the E224A mutation and not Q189E caused broader receptor binding diversity seen in clinical isolates of 5a.2a and 5a.2a.1, suggesting that receptor binding diversity alone may not be responsible for the phenotypic effects of the Q189E mutation.
#Sequence-based epitope #mapping of high pathogenicity avian #influenza #H5 clade 2.3.4.4b in #LATAM, Front Vet Sci.: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1347509/full
Based on the variation of #antigenic motifs at the HA protein in LATAM, we detected three potential antigenic #variants, indicating the HA-C group as the dominant variant. This study decidedly contributes to unraveling the origin of the 2.3.4.4b clade in LATAM, its geographic dissemination, and evolutionary dynamics within Latin American countries.
#Epitopes in the #HA and #NA of #H5 and #H7 avian #influenza viruses that are important for #antigenic #drift, FEMS Microbiol Rev.: https://academic.oup.com/femsre/advance-article/doi/10.1093/femsre/fuae014/7670612?login=false
This review aims to compile the current information on haemagglutinin and #neuraminidase epitopes and immune escape mutants of H5 and H7 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses.
Liu Y, Chen Y, Yang Z, Lin Y, Fu S, Chen J, et al. #Evolution and #antigenic #differentiation of avian #influenza A(#H7N9) virus, #China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2024 Jun [date cited]. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3006.230530 URL: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/30/6/23-0530_article
This study offers vital insights into the #genetic evolutionary #branches and recent antigenic #drift, providing crucial clues for updating the #H7N9 #vaccine seed virus and for disease prevention and control.
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