#HistoryofScience

2025-06-12

#DrFatima published an awesome essay on Feyerabend's "against method" and I got thoughts now.

Her talk about heliocentrism vs geocentrism assumes that the two theories were in competition with each other. Which they were. But this "competition between theories" does not need to become a "competition between scientists". Heliocentrism did not have good arguments going for it when Galileo kept defending it, but if the only goal was to keep the theory alive until the data to prove it came along, then it could have existed as a funny thing to speculate about, or a world building exercise, or even just as a less proven theory. Scientists did not need to stake themselves in a theory (or stake each other). We could have kept it going in many ways that were not harmful to any participants.

It might be better if science worked that way, if we kept open to the range of possible theories given the facts we've built about the world, and did not try to snuff out theories that have less support, and treated the scientists saying those theories like people who have valuable things to contribute (even if we don't agree with their favourite explanation)

There is an asterisk with theories of reality that are actually harmful, but I don't have the energy to elaborate on that right now

youtube.com/watch?v=v7a65AvELd

#science #historyofscience #galileo #videoessay

2025-06-12

🆕 Congratulations to Quintino Lopes, whose paper about Armando de Lacerda and the Coimbra Phonetics Laboratory (co-authored with Francisco de Lacerda and Ana Simões) was the winner of the 2025 edition of the A. H. de Oliveira Marques Prize for Portuguese History! 🥳

👉 Full story: ihc.fcsh.unl.pt/en/quintino-lo

@histodons
@histodon

#Histodons #PortugueseHistory #HistoryOfScience #HistoryfTechnology #Phonetics #Awards #ASPSH #AcademicLife #HistóriaDePortugal #HistóriaDaCiência #HistóriaDaTecnologia

Illustrative image of the news item, composed of a photograph of Quintino Lopes and the logo of the Association for Spanish and Portuguese Historical Studies.
2025-06-11

🧵100 Jahre Quantenmechanik ⚛️
"Ich hatte das Gefühl, durch die Oberfläche der atomaren Erscheinungen hindurch auf einen tief darunter liegenden Grund von merkwürdiger innerer Schönheit zu schauen, und es wurde mir fast schwindlig bei dem Gedanken ..."
Werner #Heisenberg in: Der Teil und das Ganze (1969)

#Quantenmechanik #Physikgeschichte #Atomphysik #HelgolandMoment
#QuantumMechanics #HistoryOfScience #AtomicPhysics #Science #HelgolandMoment

derstandard.at/story/300000026
1/3

Christian Boulangercmboulanger@sciences.social
2025-06-11

Now online: Videos from the workshop "Large Language Models for the History, Philosophy, and Sociology of Science",
April 2-4, 2025, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany

youtube.com/playlist?list=PL5r

#LLM #historyofscience #HPSS

Estelle Platiniestelle@techhub.social
2025-06-09

Said Robert Proctor: “If you don’t like the science that’s out there, create some of your own. And then claim ‘we need more research.’ And then label your opposition as a bunch of close-minded fanatics.”

thereader.mitpress.mit.edu/ind

#history #learning #learn #sociology #reputation #truth #agnotology #historyOfScience #intelligence #ignorance #USPol #science #knowledge #politics #publicOpinion #mediaStudies #commOdon

2025-06-08

For most of history, the disciplines of science and philosophy are tightly connected, arguably even the same.

Alchemy was considered a science, and indeed people like Newton and Bacon dabbled in it. Facts and theories as we now know them are much different, and bordered on philosophical arguments. Experimentation wasn't a standard procedure, and a community of scientific professionals hardly existed.

#history #histodons #quote #bookstodon #historyOfScience

1/4

We do not just live with the technological benefits of science: the modern scientific way of thinking has become so much part of our culture that it has now become difficult to think our way back into a world where people did not speak of facts, hypotheses and theories, where knowledge was not grounded in evidence, where nature did not have laws.

The Invention of Science
David Wootton
2025-06-02

⏱️ 90 segundos para a Ângela Salgueiro nos contar o que anda a fazer no projecto #PHONLAB, dedicado à História da fonética experimental em Portugal, nomeadamente ao Laboratório de Fonética Experimental instalado na Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra, em 1936, por Armando de Lacerda.

🎧 90segundosdeciencia.pt/episode

#Histodons #HistoryInThePublicSphere #SciComm #SciComPT #HistóriaNaEsferaPública #FonéticaExprimental #ExperimentalPhonetics #HistoryOfScience #HistóriaDaCiência #Coimbra

Imagem ilustrativa composta por uma fotografia da Ângela Salgueiro sobreposta sobre outra foto de detalhe de um gira-discos
Science | The Guardiantheguardian_science@halo.nu
2025-05-30

‘Science is a human endeavor’: astrophysicist uses art to connect Black and brown kids to the Stem fields theguardian.com/us-news/2025/m #Historyofscience #USeducation #Astronomy #Science #Science #History #USnews #Race

The Inquisitive Biologistinqbiol@scicomm.xyz
2025-05-30

Today it is 69 years ago the world lost #GeorgeMurrayLevick.This British Antarctic explorer made observations on penguins that were considered too shocking for the world. They are recounted in A Polar Affair, an unusual and colourful book of #PolarExploration, #Penguins, and perversion.

inquisitivebiologist.com/2020/

#Books #BookReview #Bookstodon #HistoryOfScience #ScienceHistory #HistSci #SciComm

2025-05-30

📖 In an paper published in History of Science, Inês Gomes and Frederico Ágoas examine ‘the intersection of environmental history and the history of science, specifically the impact of forestry science and fire management on land use and community dynamics in rural Portuguese mountains’.

An output of the #FIREUSES project!

👉 doi.org/10.1177/00732753241304

@histodons
@envhist

#Histodons #HistoryOfScience #EnvironmentalHistory #FireManagement #LandUse #Wildfires #HistóriaAmbiental #HistóriaDaCiência

Cover of issue 4 of volume 62 of the journal History of Science
Markus Redekermrdk@mathstodon.xyz
2025-05-29
The Inquisitive Biologistinqbiol@scicomm.xyz
2025-05-24

149 years ago today, #HMSChallenger returned to Spithead from a scientific expedition that birthed the discipline of #Oceanography, but what did they find? Read more about this in Full Fathom 5000, an engaging book that focuses on the many animals the expedition found in the deep sea.

inquisitivebiologist.com/2024/

#Books #BookReview #Bookstodon #Scicomm #Oceans #MarineBiology #HistoryOfScience #ScienceHistory #HistSci

The Inquisitive Biologistinqbiol@scicomm.xyz
2025-05-23

318 years ago today #CarlLinnaeus was born. The scholarly #biography The Man Who Organized Nature provides a full immersion in his life, revealing the polymath behind his reputation as the father of taxonomy.

inquisitivebiologist.com/2024/

#Books #BookReview #Bookstodon #Taxonomy #Botany #HistoryOfScience #ScienceHistory #HistSci #SciComm @princetonupress

2025-05-23

🆕 On 25 May, the exhibition Angola: Saberes em movimento [Angola: Knowledge on the Move] will open at the Frei Manuel do Cenáculo National Museum in Évora, as part of the KNOW.AFRICA project.

👉 We tell you all about it here: ihc.fcsh.unl.pt/en/knowafrica-

@histodons

#Histodons #ColonialCollections #AfricanExpeditions #PortugueseColonialism #HistoryOfScience #Exhibition #HistoryInThePublicSphere #IndigenousKnowledge #ColecçõesColoniais #ExpediçõesAfricanas #HistóriaDaCiência #ColonialismoPortuguês

Illustration of a group of black men crossing a watercourse carrying white men on their backs and parcels on their heads.
Daniel Pomarèdepomarede
2025-05-23

CEA: Une histoire spatiale qui commence en 1959

Pour traquer les poussières radioactives liées aux essais nucléaires, le CEA embarque un compteur Geiger dans un missile. À 100 km d’altitude, surprise : des rayons gamma viennent d’au-dessus. C’est le début de l’astrophysique au CEA.

📷 CEA/D. Baclet/C. Jehanno/J.Labeyrie
cea.fr/Pages/actualites/scienc

La première expérience spatiale du CEA, le 27 janvier 1959. Un compteur Geiger a été installé à bord d’un missile pour une des premières mesures des rayons gamma du ciel.
2025-05-19

This Wednesday, I'll be presenting part of my PhD research on the history of neuroscience in Argentina. The talk brings together scientometric analysis and qualitative research to explore how the field has taken shape, and the factors that influence it. Let me know if you're interested, I'd be happy to share the link
#neuroscience #STS #historyofscience #scientometrics #bibliometrics #Argentina

Flyer: English Lectures 2025. Presentation title: A history of neuroscience in Argentina. Author: Agustín Mauro. Date: 21 May at 12:00 (argentinian time)
2025-05-13

Last week, our students learned how to conduct a proper evaluation for an NLP experiment. To this end, we introduced a small textcorpus with sentences about Joseph Fourier, who counts as one of the discoverers of the greenhouse effect, responsible for global warming.

github.com/ISE-FIZKarlsruhe/IS

#ise2025 #nlp #lecture #climatechange #globalwarming #historyofscience #climate @fiz_karlsruhe @fizise @tabea @enorouzi @sourisnumerique

Slide of the Information Service ENgineering lecture 03, Natural Language Processing 02, section 2.6: Evaluation, Precision, and Recall
Headline: Experiment
Let's consider the following text corpus (FOURIERCORPUS):
 1
In 1807, Fourier's work on heat transfer laid the foundation for understanding the greenhouse effect.
2
Joseph Fourier's energy balance analysis showed atmosphere's heat-trapping role.
3
Fourrier's calculations, though rudimentary, suggested that the atmosphere acts as an insulator.
4
Fourier’s greenhouse effect explains how atmospheric gases influence global temperatures.
5
Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier's mathematical treatment of heat flow is essential to climate modeling.
6
Climate science acknowledges that Fourier helped to understand the atmospheric absorption of heat.
7
Climate change origins often cite Fourier's mathematical work on radiative heat.
8
J. Fourier published  his "Analytical theory of heat" in 1822.
9
Fourier analysis is used in signal processing.
10
Fourier series are key in heat conduction math.
11
Fourier and related algebras occur naturally in the harmonic analysis of locally compact groups.
12
The Fourier number is the ratio of time to a characteristic time scale for heat diffusion.

The corpus is available at https://github.com/ISE-FIZKarlsruhe/ISE-teaching/blob/b72690d38911b37748082256b61f96cf86171ace/materials/dataset/fouriercorpus.txt

On the right side in the background is a portrait engraving of Joseph Fourier
2025-05-12

New week, new lesson. How much can make up tell us about a people? Quite a bit, when you don't have much else to go off.
matildaslab.wordpress.com/2025
#scicomm #historyofscience #ancientegyptians

2025-05-12

Last leg on our brief history of NLP (so far) is the advent of large language models with GPT-3 in 2020 and the introduction of learning from the prompt (aka few-shot learning).

T. B. Brown et al. (2020). Language models are few-shot learners. NIPS'20

proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2

#llms #gpt #AI #nlp #historyofscience @fiz_karlsruhe @fizise @tabea @enorouzi @sourisnumerique #ise2025

Slide from Information System Engineering 2025 lecture, 02 - Natural Language Processing 01, A brief history of NLP, NLP Timeline.
The NLP timeline is in the middle of the page from top to bottom. The marker is at 2020. On the left side, an original screenshot of GPT-3 is shown, giving advise on how to present a talk about "Symbolic and Subsymbolic AI - An Epic Dilemma?".
The right side holds the following text: 
2020: GPT-3 was released by OpenAI, based on 45TB data crawled from the web. A “data quality” predictor was trained to boil down the training data to 550GB “high quality” data. Learning from the prompt is introduced (few-shot learning)

Bibliographical Reference:
T. B. Brown et al. (2020). Language models are few-shot learners. In Proceedings of the 34th Int. Conf. on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS'20). Curran Associates Inc., Red Hook, NY, USA, Article 159, 1877–1901.

Client Info

Server: https://mastodon.social
Version: 2025.04
Repository: https://github.com/cyevgeniy/lmst